双语 | 《时代》：为何授予“美利坚分裂国总统”特朗普年度人物？

12月7日，美国《时代周刊》（TIME）揭晓了“2016年度人物（Person of the Year）”，候任美国总统的（President-elect）唐纳德•特朗普成功当选。

《时代》年度人物 唐纳德·特朗普

《时代周刊》将特朗普印在杂志封面，并配以文字“美利坚分裂国总统”（President of the Divided States of America）。

《时代周刊》称，特朗普并没有描绘一幅光明前景，而是扩大了分裂局势，激发了全国的愤怒和恐惧。无论你怎么评价特朗普，有一点不可否认：他展示了一个21世纪其他人想都不敢想的机遇，这是最坏的也是最伟大的（He uncovered an opportunity others didn’t believe existed, the last, greatest deal for a 21st century）。

特朗普本人在得知这一评选结果后表示，入选年度人物是“极大的荣誉”（a tremendous honor），且此次入选对自己“意义重大”，但他也认为“美利坚分裂国总统”的说法是刻薄的（snarky）。

《时代周刊》对本次入围人物都配以评语和图片，希拉里则被贴上“野心家（the aspirant）”的标签、被评为“普选的赢家，留下复杂的遗产（The winner of the popular vote leaves a complicated legacy）”。

据《时代》官网，被特朗普PK掉的后几位提名者为：

第2名希拉里·克林顿（Hillary Clinton）：野心家（the Aspirant）

第3名黑客（the Hackers）：破坏者（the Disrupters）

第4名土耳其总统埃尔多安（Recep Tayyip Erdogan）：独裁者（the Autocrat）

第5名基因科学家团队（the Crispr Pioneers）：先驱者（the Trailblazers）

第6名碧昂丝（Beyoncé）：信使（the Messenger）

年度人物每年年底由美国《时代杂志》选出，获选对象可以是男人、女人、夫妇、一群人、意念、地方甚至机器（man, woman, couple, group, idea, place, or machine）。其评选的宗旨是“选出对新闻和人们生活影响最为重大的人，不管是好是坏（The person of the year is the person who's had the greatest influence on events, for better or worse）。”

从左至右：2015、2014、2013年度人物

以下是《时代》对特朗普的评语

This is the 90th time we have named the person who had the greatest influence, for better or worse, on the events of the year. So which is it this year: Better or worse? The challenge for Donald Trump is how profoundly the country disagrees about the answer.

这是《时代》杂志第90次年度人物评选，我们希望找到的是对这一年“最具影响力”的人，不论这影响是好的还是坏的。那么对于今年当选年度人物的唐纳德·特朗普，评价他的影响力是好是坏，人们也有极其深刻的不同意见。

It’s hard to measure the scale of his disruption. This real estate baron and casino owner turned reality-TV star and provocateur—never a day spent in public office, never a debt owed to any interest besides his own—now surveys the smoking ruin of a vast political edifice that once housed parties, pundits, donors, pollsters, all those who did not see him coming or take him seriously. Out of this reckoning, Trump is poised to preside, for better or worse.

我们很难衡量他打破了多少界限：这个房地产大亨、赌场所有人变成了现实中的电视明星和挑衅者。一个没有担任过一天公职、从来不借钱给自己以外的人的挑衅者，现在却要来调查一个正冒着黑烟的巨大政治体系，调查那些执政党派、权威人士、捐助者、民意调查机构，所有那些曾经无视他或未曾重视他的人。出于这样的原因，不论其影响是好是坏，特朗普被选为了此次的年度人物。

For those who believe this is all for the better, Trump’s victory represents a long-overdue rebuke to an entrenched and arrogant governing class; for those who see it as for the worse, the destruction extends to cherished norms of civility and discourse, a politics poisoned by vile streams of racism, sexism, nativism. To his believers, he delivers change—broad, deep, historic change, not modest measures doled out in Dixie cups; to his detractors, he inspires fear both for what he may do and what may be done in his name.

对于那些相信这是一个更好选择的人来说，特朗普的胜利代表了对根深蒂固、傲慢统治阶级长久以来的责难；而对于那些认为会更糟糕的人，特朗普当选的破坏力延展到了礼仪、话语的规范，他的政治学包含着种族歧视、性别歧视和本土主义。对于他的信徒，他传递出“改变”的观念，一种广泛、深刻、历史性的变革，而不是温和得像纸杯里的水一样；对他的反对者来说，他激起了人们关于他即将做什么和对他可能已经做过什么的双重恐惧。

The revolution he stirred feels fully American, with its echoes of populists past, of Andrew Jackson and Huey Long and, at its most sinister, Joe McCarthy and Charles Coughlin. Trump’s assault on truth and logic, far from hurting him, made him stronger. His appeal—part hope, part snarl—dissolved party lines and dispatched the two reigning dynasties of U.S. politics. Yet his victory mirrors the ascent of nationalists across the world, from Britain to the Philippines, and taps forces far more powerful than one man’s message.

特朗普所鼓动的变革完全是美国式的，带着过去民粹主义者的回响，包括安德鲁·杰克逊（Andrew Jackson，美国第七任总统、民主党创建人之一）、休伊·皮尔斯·朗（Huey Long，前美国参议员），以及最险恶的约瑟夫·麦卡锡（Joe McCarthy，前美国参议员，共和党政治家，曾被称为“麦卡锡主义”）和查尔斯·考夫林（Charles Coughlin，美国神父，以发布反犹太评论闻名）。特朗普在真理和逻辑上所受到的攻击远远不会伤害他，反而会使他更坚强。他的呼吁——有些是希望，有些只是咆哮——溶解了所谓的政党路线，横跨了美国政治的两个统治王朝。他的胜利反映了从英国到菲律宾，世界范围内的民族主义上升，并且显示出这种力量远比一个人的话语更强大。

We can scarcely grasp what our generation has wrought by putting a supercomputer into all of our hands, all of the time. If you are reading this, whether on a page or a screen, there is a very good chance that you are caught up in a revolution that may have started with enticing gadgets but has now reshaped everything about how we live, love, work, play, shop, share—how our very hearts and minds encounter the world around us. Why would we have imagined that our national conversation would simply go on as before, same people, same promises, same patterns? Perhaps the President-elect will stop tweeting—but only because he will have found some other means to tell the story he wants to tell directly to the audience that wants to hear it.

我们几乎无法预测我们这一代人将会被我们手中的超级计算机锻造成什么样子。如果你正在电脑或手机屏幕上阅读这篇文章，那么你已经有了一个很好的机会：被卷入了一场革命，这场革命以一些诱人小玩意为开始却在如今重塑着我们如何生活、恋爱、工作、玩乐、购物、分享的方式，影响着我们的心灵和大脑如何去面对周围的世界。我们又怎能认为大选这种全国性的讨论还会像以前一样，有同样的政客、同样的承诺、同样的模式？也许这位新当选的总统将停止他在社交网络上的爆炸性言论，但那只会因为他找到了其他方式去讲述这些话，他打算直接对听众们说他们想听的话了。

It turned out to be a failing strategy when Hillary Clinton, who loves policy solutions and believes in them, tried to make this race a character test, a referendum on Trump. But it was certainly understandable. He presented so many challenges, so many choices about what America values. Her popular-vote victory, while legally irrelevant, affirmed the prospect of a female Commander in Chief. In fact, she crushed Trump among voters who cared most about experience and judgment and temperament, qualities that have typically mattered when choosing the leader of the free world. Even at his moment of victory, 6 in 10 voters had an unfavorable view of Trump and didn’t think he was qualified to be President.

事实证明，对于希拉里·克林顿，一个喜欢用政策来解决问题，并相信它们的人而言，试图让这场大选变成一个对特朗普的公投和大型性格测试，是一个失败的战略。但这个战略可以被理解。关于美国的价值观，特朗普提出了那么多挑战，那么多选择。希拉里的普选胜利虽然在法律上无关紧要，但也足可以证明这位女指挥官的能力得到了肯定。事实上，在选择自由世界领导者时，人们通常关注经验、判断力、性格、品质等问题，希拉里在这些方面碾压特朗普。即使在特朗普已经宣布胜利之后，依然有60%的选民对他持不利看法，认为他没有资格担任总统。

But by almost 2 to 1, voters cared most about who could deliver change, and in that category he beat her by 68 points. This is his next test. The year 2016 was the year of his rise; 2017 will be the year of his rule, and like all newly elected leaders, he has a chance to fulfill promises and defy expectations.

但特朗普以69%、几乎是2比1的比例，证明了选民更关心的是谁能够提供变革。这将是特朗普的下一个挑战：2016年是他兴起的一年，而2017年将是他开始执政的一年，像所有新当选的领导人一样，他有机会实现承诺，也可能违背期望。

His supporters and his critics will discover together how much of what he said he actually believes. In the days after the election, everything was negotiable: the wall became a fence, “Crooked Hillary” is “good people,” and maybe climate change is worth thinking about. Far from draining the swamp, he fed plums to some of its biggest gators. Were his followers alarmed? The critics were hardly reassured: nearly half of Americans expect race relations to worsen, and many women fear that his ascent comes directly at their expense. Trump prefers to talk about the alienated workers who flocked to his rallies and believed a billionaire could be their tribune—“I love them and they love me”—and avers that his every action will be on their behalf. But can he devise a New Deal for workers in the age of automation, renegotiate trade deals and reopen factories while simultaneously elevating many of the same people who profit from the trends he denounced?

他的支持者和批评者会一起发现，特朗普在竞选时说出的那些话，有多少是可以相信的。在选举之后的日子里，一切变得“好商量”：和墨西哥之间的墙变成了栅栏，“世界级的骗子希拉里”是个“好人”，气候变化也许也值得思考。他的追随者会惊恐吗？而批评者们也很难放下心来：近一半的美国人预测种族关系会恶化，许多女性担心特朗普的上台会直接带来她们的牺牲。特朗普更愿意谈论那些转投向他的阵营的工人群体。他们相信这个亿万富翁可以成为保护他们利益的人。“我爱他们，他们也爱我。”他极力断言自己采取的每一项行动都会是出于对他们利益的考虑。但是他能够为工人群体设计出一个“新政”吗？他们处在这样一个时代：自动化不断发展、贸易协定在不断重新协商、许多人从他所谴责的全球化趋势里获益的同时，更多的工厂重新开张。

For reminding America that demagoguery feeds on despair and that truth is only as powerful as the trust in those who speak it, for empowering a hidden electorate by mainstreaming its furies and live-streaming its fears, and for framing tomorrow’s political culture by demolishing yesterday’s, Donald Trump is TIME’s 2016 Person of the Year.

为了提醒美国人民煽动往往根植于绝望的时代，真理只有经过人们不断辩论才会愈加明朗，为了通过将愤怒主流化来赋予潜在选民权利，为了推翻昨日并重塑未来的政治文化，《时代》周刊2016年度人物授予唐纳德·特朗普。

特朗普被评为《时代周刊》年度人物在社交媒体上引起了轩然大波，特朗普再次成为网友们吐槽的重灾区：

@Matthew Griffiths

特朗普被评为《时代周刊》2016年度人物，我觉得得是一个真正的人才配得上这个荣誉。

@Dustin Perry

特朗普：虚伪的媒体就会说谎！

《时代周刊》：我们评出来的年度人物是你。

特朗普：嗯，《时代周刊》是了不起的出版物，我一直很欣赏！

@Chaneen

等下，《时代周刊》真的把特朗普评为“年度人物”了吗？我觉得是在逗我~

@Riya Sharma

又是特朗普！分裂是奥巴马搞的，不是特朗普！无节操的《时代周刊》！所以我从来不买你们的杂志。

译世界综编自腾讯国际新闻、TIME官网、Russia Today

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